Combined coal and gas burning furnace.



H. C. SMART.

comsmen COAL AND GAS BURNING FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED SEIT- I I, IQIZ. I 1 ,296,g%4 Patented Mar. 4,1919

Hh l l l lH lH Hl l l lH HHHI I H I HI I I HHHI IHIH I ITI I I HHHHHII ra rnnr entice.

HENRY 0. SMART, F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO STANDARD OIL COMPANY OF NEW YORK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

COMBINED COAL AND GAS BURNING FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 4, 1919.

Application filed September 11, 1917. Serial No. 190,739.

- T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY C. SMART, a citizen of the United States, and a resident in the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Coal and Gas Burning Furnaces, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

Generally stated the purpose of this invention is to so construct and correlate the parts that certain,defects in old constructions may be obviated and increased efficiency secured; that is to say, more perfect admixture of the gas and air and more per-feet distribution and control thereof are secured; also I so locate the gas burning parts of the apparatus relative to the coal burning grate at the forward end of "the boiler or still that they will secure more complete combustion of the coal and its gases with the result that the usual large loss of heat, because of the passage of unconsumed heat producing elementsnp the stack is largely avoided, and these devices being inclosed within the setting of the still or boiler, and consequently confined kept relatively cool, all buckling and burning out of the gas and air supply pipes are avoided, and their life materially extended.

In the drawings hereof I have illustrated and I shall herein describe the invention as applied to a still adapted to oil distillation. I wish it to be understood, however, that my invention is adapted to employment in conjunction with practically all forms of boilers, stills, kettles, evaporators and the like, and that all such are included herein.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view of the brick setting of a still embodying and illustrating the invention, thestill itself being omitted; Fig. 2 is 2 vertical sectional view on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1, showing diagrammatically the still in position; Fig. 3 is an enlarged lan view, partlyin section, of certain details of the gas burner; Fig. 4 is a sectional view of that which is shown in Fig. 3, taken on the line H of Fig. 3.

In the drawings 1 represents the brickwork setting of the still, 2 the grate bars,

3 the bridge wall, atthe filling plate, 5 the door, 6 thg stack, 7 the part of the furnace between the bridge wall and the stack which herein and in the claims I shall refer to as the combustion chamber. All these parts are, or may be of any preferred construction, excepting that the combustion chamber should be on about the same level as the grate bars, so that the heat generated by the burning gas may properly impinge on the boiler or still. 8, 8, are iron supply pipes, closed at one end by suitable caps 9, and provided with'laterally disposed burner tubes 10, there being in the present instance seven such tubes connecting with each of the pipes 8. Any preferred number may be employed. In order that this part of the apparatus may be more plainly understood, I represent at the upper part of Fig. 1 these parts partly in dotted lines and as inclosed within the brickwork, but at the lower part of that same figure I represent them in full lines, as though they were exposed. 'It will be understood, however, that the pipes 8 and preferably also all of the burner tubes 10 are embedded within the brickwork setting,

so that they are rigidly bound, protected sired and they will bespaced along the pipes as may be necessary to properly center the gas pipes and their jets relative to the air pipes and their burners. Other preferred means of centering the gas pipes may be employed. The gas supply pipes 11 are provided With burner jets 13, which are so spaced along the gas pipes 11 that they register'with the centers of the burner tubes 10. 14 is an air pipe which connects at each end with the air supply pipes 8, 8, and a branch 15 from it may connect with a suitable blower or fan 16, which may be operated by a belt pulley 17, or in any other preferred manner. 18, see Fig. 1, is a series of brick baffles or walls. They are composed of fire brick, preferably of considerable size and weight, which I prefer to lay up dry, that is to say, without fire clay. ce-

more or .less may be employed) is provided with openings 19, as shown best in Figs. 1

and 2, so that the gas and air injected into the combustion chamber 7 throu h the burner tubes 10 willbe ejected t rough the openings 19, and thus be distributed throughout the entire series of bafiles, so that when the furnace is started the entire series of baflies will quickly become hot.

It will be particularly noted that the series of bafiles is located in the combustion chamber. 7 approximately midway between the bridge Wall 3 and the stack. This is a mat- {er of some consequence, as will appear bea The operation is as followsyThe heat is generated by the use 'of 'both coal and gas. The coal is primarily burned on the grate bars 2 in the ordinary way and the heat from thatfire exerts its influence principally upon the'forward part of the boiler or still, but a portion of the combustible material and the gases thrown ofi from and generated by the burning coal is carried over the bridge wall 3 into the combustion chamber 7, and were it not for the presence of the gas burner,bafl'le walls, etc. they would be apt to pass through the combustion chamber'without complete combustion andbe carriedofi into the stack, and thus a con" siderable portion of their heating properties be lost. Undermy improved construction and arrangementof the partsthe gas enters from its sourceof supply through the pipes 11 and passes out through the jets 13 into the burner tubes 10 and at the same time air enters through the air supply pipes 8 and mingles with the gas in the burner tubes 10, and in order that the proper admixture of air and gas may be secured, T prefer to regulate. the supply of air by the employment of afan blower 16, so that the right proportion to effect the most complete combustion of the gas which will to some degree at least, depend upon the character and quality of the gas ,may be assured, Sometimes, however, if the gas in its container be under requisite pressure, the gas blowing through the burner jets 13 into the burner tubes 10 will cause them to operate on the principle of the Bunsen burner, sothat the jets of gas will by their own suction draw in the requisite amount of air. It will be understood, therefore, that'the proper admixture of gas and air may be secured either by. regulating the air supply, as by a blower, or by regulating the gas supply and its pressure. The inflammable mixture of gas and air passes through the series of openings 19 in the baffle plates or walls 18, being preferably, but' not necessarily guided in so doing by thefdownward inclination of the burner tubes .10, as shown in Fig. 2, and quickly heats the'entire series of bafiies to White heat, so that; not only is bustion, solid or gaseous, which come over the bridge wall from the coal, coming in contact with the hot baffles and the gas flames are also completely consumed. In order that the combustion of the gas and inflammable residues from the coal may be more completeand with as little escape as possible up the stack, I have found that care should be'taken as to the location of the battles and the gas burners, and it Will be noted that I have placed them about equidistant from the bridge wall and the stack longitudinally of the combustion chamber 7. If so located the products of combustion coming from. the coal, after passing the bridge wall, will be deflected by the bottom of the still directly upon the forwardend ofthe bafiles and will have to pass along their entire length on their Way to the stack, and also the gas being moreor less retarded in movement by the interstices in the baffles,

will be measurably at least held there fiercely burning, so that complete combustion, both of the gas and products of partial combustion, takesplace. Thus little, if any, of the heat producing elements will be sucked up the stack.

Aside from the foregoing, there are a series of other advantages, which are not only valuable but extremelyjimportant because of the savings they effect, that is to say: in gas'burners' of the class here referred to, the gas and the air inlet pipes, one or both, whilevsometimes partially protected by the boiler or still setting, have mostly been exposed in the bottom or on the sides of the combustion chamber and consequently exposed to great heat, so that after a time the heat causes the pipes to buckle or burns them out, thus temporarily at least interfering with the continuity of the process and necessitating frequent and 'allthese relatively perishable parts are embedded withinand protected and rigidly or walls may be-placed transversely of thecombustion chamberinstead of longitudinally thereof, depending upon questions of draft, quality of coal and other considerations, which are well known'to engineers and others familiar with this art.

I wish it to be understood that I do not disclaim or abandon any patentable subject matter which may be disclosed but not claimed herein, because such subject matter expensive repairs. Under my construction, n

will, so far as may be permissible, be claimed in a divisional case hereof, Serial No. 227,853, filed April 11, 1918.

Modifications may be made in the details of constructions without departing from the essentials of the invention. I therefore do not limit myself to the details described and illustrated.

I claim:

1. In a combined coal and gas burning furnace embodying among other things a bridge wall, a combustion cliamber 'in rear of the bridge wall, and a stack. the combination ofcoal burning devices at the front end of the furnace, baflle walls in the combustion chamber on substantially the same level as the coal burning devices, an air supply pipe, a series of burner tubes connecting therewith located on opposite sides of the. combustion chamber opposite the baflle walls and discharging against them, a gas supply pipe, and a series of jets connecting with the gas supply pipe and discharging within the respective burner tubes.

2. In a combined coal and gas burning furnace, the combination of coal burning devices at the front end of the furnace, a bridge wall in rear of the coal burning devices, acombustion chamber in rear of the bridge wall, baffle walls in the combustion chamber, an air supply pipe, a series of burner tubes connecting therewith and opening into the combustion chamber on opposite sides thereof and discharging against the baflie walls, a gas supply pipe, a series of j ets connecting with the gas supply pipe and, discharging within the burner tubes, and means to regulate the relative supplies of a gas and air.

3. In a combined coal and gas burning furnace embodying among otherthings a setting for the boiler, still, or the like, the combination of coal burning devices at the front end of the furnace, a bridge wall, a combustion chamber in rear of the bridge wall, baflle walls inthe combustion chamber on about the same level .as the coal burning devices, an air supply pipe, a series of burner tubes connecting therewith opening into both sides of the combustion chamber andopposite the baflie walls, a gas supply pipe, and jets connecting with the gas supp y pipe one of which opens within each burner tube, the air supply pipe and its burner tubes and the gas supply pipe and its jets being all inclosed within the setting of the still.

4. In a combined 1 coal and gas burning I furnace embodying among other thin s a fire box and grate at the front end of the furnace, a bridge wall, a combustion chamher in rear ofthebridge wall, and a stack, the combination of ballie walls in the combustion chamber about'midway between the bridge wall and the stack, an air suppl pipe, burner tubes connecting therewith opening into both sides of the combustion chamber opposite the bafile walls and discharging against them, a gas supply pipe, and jets connecting with the gas supply pipe, one of which opens within each burner tu e.

5. In a combined coal and gas burning furnace embodying among other things a setting for the boiler, still, or the like, coal burning devices at the front end of the furnace, a bridge wall, a combustion chamber in rear of the bridge wall, and a stack, the combination of baflie walls in the combustion chamber about midway between the bridge wall and the stack and on substantially the same level as the coal burning devices, an air supply pipe, burner tubes connecting therewith opening into both sides of the combustion chamber opposite the baffle walls, a gas supply pipe, and jets connecting with the gas supply pipe, one of which opens within each burner tube, the air supply pipe and its burner tubes and the gas supply pipe and its jets being all inclosed within the setting of the Still.

6. In combination with the usual structural'feature's of a coal burning furnace for stills, including a setting for the boiler, a firebox and grate, abridge wall, a combustion chamber in rear of the bridge wall, and a stack, a gas burner embodying an air supply pipe, burner tubes connecting therewith,

a gas supply pipe, and a series of jets connecting therewith located respectively within an equal number of burner tubes, the burner tubes opening into opposite sides of the combustion chamber substantially equi distant longitudinally thereof from the bridge wall and the stack, said pipes, jets and burner tubes being all embedded within the setting of the still.

T, The combination in a furnace for boilers', stills and the like, of a coal burning grate at one end of the furnace, a bridge wall therefor, a combustion chamber in rear of the bridge wall, an air supply pipe, a series of burner tubes connecting therewith and opening into opposite sides of the combustion chamber, said series being located substantially equidistant longitudinally of the combustion chamber from the bridge Wall and the stack, a gas supply pipe and jets connecting therewith shorter than the burner tubes and one of which is located centrally within each burner tube.

8. The combination in a furnace for boilers, stills and the like, of a setting for the boiler provided with a stack, a coal burning grate at one end of the furnace, a bridge wall, a combustion chamber in rear of the bridge wall, an air supply pipe, a series of burner tubes connecting therewith and opening into opposite sides of the combustion chamber,

a gas supply pipe and a series of jets connecting therewith each of which is shorter 3530 9. The combination in a furnace for b0ilers, stills and the like, of a setting for the boiler provided'with a stack, a coal burning grate at one end of the furnace, a bridge wall tlwnator, a combustion chamber in rear of the bridge wall and on substantially the same level as the grate, an air L .pply pipe,

a series of burner tubes connecting therewith opening into opposite sides of the combustion chamber, the series being substantially equidistant from the bridge Wall and the stack, a gas supply pipe, and a series of'jets connecting therewith one of which opens Within each of the burner tubes.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

HENRY 0. SMART. 

